The Zarch Qanat, located in Yazd, is one of the oldest and longest qanats in the world, showcasing the ancient engineering ingenuity of Persian civilization. This remarkable subterranean water channel, dating back over 3,000 years, stretches approximately 80 kilometers and has been a vital source of water for the arid region.
The qanat system, an ancient Persian invention, was designed to transport water from aquifers in the mountains to the surface, using a series of gently sloping underground tunnels. The Zarch Qanat’s construction reflects exceptional skill and knowledge of hydrology, allowing it to efficiently carry water over long distances without the need for pumps.
The system consists of numerous vertical shafts, dug at regular intervals, providing access for maintenance and ventilation. These shafts, along with the main tunnel, ensure a steady flow of water, supplying irrigation for agriculture and drinking water for the local population. The precision and durability of this ancient system have allowed it to function continuously for millennia.
Walking through the Zarch Qanat, visitors can witness the intricate network of tunnels and shafts that make up this engineering marvel. The cool, subterranean passages offer a glimpse into the innovative techniques used by ancient Persians to thrive in a harsh desert environment.
The Zarch Qanat is not just a testament to historical engineering prowess but also a symbol of sustainable water management. Recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site, it continues to be a source of pride for the people of Yazd, reflecting their enduring connection to this life-sustaining resource.